Method of and apparatus for preventing formation of burs on electric welds.



A w. A. KILMBR 8/: A. T. WEAVER. 7 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FORPREVENTING FORMATION OF BURS' 0N ELECTRIC WELD SL APPLICATION FILED AUG.23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 snnms snnnr 1.

W. A. KILMER & A. T. WEAVER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTINGFORMATION OF BURS O N ELECTRIC WELDS.

. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

mi fW 5 W. A. KILMER- & A. T, WEAVER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS, FORPREVENTING FORMATION OF BURS 0N ELECTRIC WELDS. APPLICATION FILEDAUG.23{1912. 1,087.,384L Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

fi mewfarar W. A. KILMBR & A. T. WEAVER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FORPREVENTINGPORMATION OF BURS ON ELECTRIC WELDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1912. 1,087,384.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

| TIPWITWWWV 157 W. A. KILMER & A. T. WEAVER. METHOD OF AND APPARATUSFOR PREVENTING FORMATION OF BURS ON ELECTRIC WELDs.

APPLICATION FI-LED AUG. 23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

% jwezzzansx Eda/2% a W. A. KILMER & A. T. WEAVER. METHOD OF ANDAPPARATUS FOR PREVENTING FORMATION OF BURS 0N ELECTRIC WELDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1912. I

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 $HEBTS-BHEET B.

I W. A. KILMER & A. T. WEAVER. METHGD OPAND APPARATUS FOR PREVENTINGFORMATION OF BURS 0N ELECTRIC WELDS APPLICATION FILED AUG. 23, 1912.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

[UNITED sTATEs PATENT oFFion.

WILLIAM A. KILMER, OF DE KALB, AND ALBERT T. WEAVER,- OF JOLIET,ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO THE AMERICAN STEEL & WIRE COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY,E HOBOKEN,'NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

METHOD or AND APPARATUS non. PREVENTING FORMATION or Buns on ELECTRICWELDS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented eb. 17, 1914..

Application filed August 23, 1912. Serial No. 716,622;

I To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, WILLIAM A. KILMER andALBERT T. WEAVER, citizens. of the United States, residing,respectively, at De Kalb, in the county of Dekalb, State of Illinois,and J oliet, in the county of Will and State of Illinois, have invented.certain new and useful Improvements-in Methods of and Apparatus forPreventing Formation of Burs on Electric Welds, of which the follow-'ing is a specification.

Our invention relatesto the art of electric welding and has particularreference to a novelautomatic device for preventing the formation ofburs at the point'of welding.

The practice of joining metallic articles by electric welding is wellestablished. In such practice itis common to clamp the two parts to bewelded, then pass an electric current through the contacting ends,causing the metal to be fused. At the same time one of the clamping jawsis advanced toward the other thus upsetting and causing an intimateunion of the metal at the contacting ends of the article; in effect thetwo ends are caused to flow or fuse and to be joined as one.

' However, an amount ofmetal equal in exto the wire working industry..In many cases two ends, of wire are united and the resultant bur mustbe removed by some means before the article can be further treated orused. This entails a large amount of labor and has heretofore precludedthe employment of an electric Welding device in connection with wires tobe passed through the galvanizing process or for nail or'fabricmachines.

We have devised a method-and apparatus whereby the formation'of theburis prevented; that is, as the wc'r. is being made a series of brushesare brought into contact with the wire and rapidly revolved, thus wipingofi, while fluid, any surplus of metal which would otherwise forminto abur. Thus the wire comes from the welding machine true to gage. andrequires no further operations in order to enable its being passedthrough any wire working machine.

' We are aware that machines have been devised for removingthe bur fromwelded articles, both while heated and while cold,

but'believe it is new toprevent the forma tion of: a bur during thewelding operation by wiping the surplus of metal from the article.

Our methodmay be carried out by various forms of mechanism, those shownin the ac-. v

companying drawings being preferable.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is. a sectional elevation of a form of machinearranged to act in conjunction with an electric welding. device; Fig. 21s a plan vlew of the same machine; Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3'-3of Fig. 2, showing one welding clamp, other parts of the machine beingeliminated for the sake of clearness; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section onthe line 44 of Fig. 2, showing a clutch operating device; Fig. 5 is anenlarged fragmentary section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. (Sis afragmentary view of a part of the construction shown in Fig. 5,.

the engaging pin being advanced into looking. position; Fig. 7 is a viewon the line 7-7 of Fig. 5; Fig. 8 is an enlarged detail elevation of thebrush holding and operating device; Fig. 9 is a sectional detail on theline 9-9 of Fig. 8; Fig; 10 is a side elevation of I a modifiedconstruction in which the brushes are advanced mechanically asdistinguished from the other form in which they are advanced bycentrifugal force; Fig. 1.1 is an enlarged detail partly in section,showing the brush advancing means of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a section onthe line 1212 of Fig. 11, the parts being considerably enlarged; Fig. 13is a section on the line 1313 of Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is an enlarged detailview small sprocket i is, it is through .23, by means of a clutch laterto be 'el-G on'the stop 40.

ed a drive shaft 23, having a drive pulley 2st, mounted on. one endthereof. A'pinion 25' on the opposite end of shaft :28 meshes with agear 26 mounted on a counter-shaft 27. A similar pinion 28, on the endof the shaft 27, v shaft 30, extending from side to side of themachine." This shaft 30 carries the cams or timing devices which will belater described. A large sprocket 31, adapted to be intermittentlyconnected with drive shaft described, carries a sprocket chain 32,meshing with. a 33, keyed to shaft 34, which is mounted in suitablebearings 35, projected upwardly fromthe frame of the ma chine. The shaft34 carries on one end a large gear 36, which meshes with a toothedmember 37, and causes the rotation thereof. This member carries thewipers or brushes, the specific construction of whiclrwill be laterdescribed.

A welding device is associated with the machine and is composed of twosets of clamping jaws 38, 39 and lO, 4-1. These jaws are superposed on abase l9, and have a dove-tailed connection a3 therewith. The jaws 38,39v are movable in the dove-tailed slot by means of the adjusting bolt44, but are rigidly held in service. The jaws a0, 41, on the contrary,are movable toward and from the other set of jaws during each weldingoperation, as is well understood.

In order to cause the advancement of the jaws last referred to, a stem1-5 is loosely carried in an opening in the frame work of the jaws 40,41. A stop 46 is secured to the stem 45. A compression spring 4-7 islocated on the stem between the frame of the jaws and the stop 46, andtends to se; arate the stem and frame. A rigid but adjustable stop 1-8is'threaded into the frame of the jaws and coiiperates with a projectionThe connection, between the stem of the jaw 48 and the projection 46 issliding. Thus it will be seen that the advancing of the jaws is notpositive; that the spring 4.7, but that the jaws are retractedpositively through the agency of the stop 48. .It will be under-- stoodthat this is essential in a welding device for the reason that prior. tothe fusingof the joined ends of the material the meta could not easilybe upset By this construction the stem may be advanced, compress ing thespring without advancing the jaws. Then when the electric current hasbeen applied and the ends of the material are fused the spring willadvance the jaws as required. The extent of motion, which is animportant element, is controlled by means which wewill now describe.

For actuating the stem and jaws we provide a rocker 49; pivoted at 50 toa portion of the frame. A yoke 51 on the end of the meshes with a gear29, keyed torocker cooperates with a collar 52, secured to the stem a5,and is provided with means for adjustment longitudinally of the stemsuch the hand-nut 53. A coiled spring 5ft tends to hold the rocker inretracted p0- sition. T provided with an anti-friction roll 55, cooperating with cam member 56, keyed to time shaft 30. j

It will be understood. that the welding device described in connectionherewitlrutilizes electricity as a heating arrangement. The current ofcourse, cannot be constantly supplied for various reasons and in fact,the space of time within which the current allowed to pass through thecontiguous ends of the wire or of the material must be nicely controlledin order that wire may not be burned by too great heat or not made hotenough by too short an application of the current. Therefore we havedevised automatic means for momentarily closing a switch and tothereafter open the switch to shut oft the current. This switchoperating means is shown in Fig. 2, and in detail in Figs. 14 and 15.The switch is composed of a base member 57, insulated from the frame orbase 20 of the machine. A perforated lug 58, provides a bearing for arocker arm 59. This arm has a downwardly projecting hook (30. Atits freeend the arm is provided with a spring controlled contact piece 61, towhich a conductor 62 is attached. The arm is held normally in elevatedp0sition by means of a spring (33. in order to avoid unnecessary arcingthe switch is in the nature of a snap device; that is the connection ismade by the action of a cam 64., carried on the shaft 30, and as thehook portion 60 descends it is cai'lght by a mat ing hook ($5, pinned toa longitudinally movable shaft (36, and held in advanced po sition bymeans of-a coiled compression spring- (:37. As the arm is depressed bythe cam 64, the hook 6O springs past the hook (355 holding the switch inclosed position. A cam 68 also mounted on the shaft 30, cooperates witha spring lever (39, held on anextension 70; this spring arm is directlyconnected to a lever 71, pivoted at 72 (sec Fig. 2) and contacts the endof shaft (36. As the cam (38 contacts the shaft (39, it will be seenthat the lever 71 is rocked and shaft 66, carrying the hook 65. movedagainst the resistanceof spring (37,. thus releasing the arm 59 andbreaking the contact. Altlmugh the connections are not shown on thedrawings, it will be understood that the conductors and 72 are suitablyconnected to the welding machine terminals. An in'lportant feature is inthe construction of the cam GS. As shown in Fig. 141', this cam iscomposed of two parts,- a plain flanged member 73, having boltholes anda slottedmember carrying the cam (38; the bolts 7 project he oppositeend of the rocker is lithroughktheslotsan'd provide for the adjustmentof ,the shaft 30.

the. ,cam member relative to This is arranged whereby the [period oftime 1n which the current is alferred to comprises be varied asrequired.

lowed to pass to the welding machine may I and h s i s tbrushes Thebrushes,

' rotated as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, are mounted in ways 76, in the webof the toothed member 37 the brushes having lugs or pins 77projectingtherefrom. Weighted levers 78 ar pivoted to the member 37 andhave slotted ends'which cooperate with the lugs 77' on the brushes. Whenthe parts are at rest the brushes are held away from the wire which ismarked A in Fig. 8, by reason of a coiled spring 79. However, as themember 37 is rapidly, centrifugal force will be exertedto move theweighted levers 78, and thereby advance the brushes, These brushes maybe composed-of any-suitable material suchas carborundum, or if preferredsteel may beused. Provision is made for the wearing away of the brushesby mounting the pivot bolts 80 of the levers in the slots 81, in the webof the member 37. In this wayas the brushes wear the levers may be movedinwardly if desired. The member 37, as shown, is provided with aconcentric opening having a slot 82 communicating therewith. For thisreason the member cannot be mounted to rotate on a'shaft and thereforeis mounted in a casing or housing 83, formed of two parts boltedtogether. The'bearing port-ions of the member. 37 are .the flanges orribs 84, projecting from the sides thereof and cooperating with groovesin the casing 83.

During the operation of the device driving shaft 23 and the timing shaft30 are constantly rotated. However, it will be understood that thebrushes and the member 37 can be only intermittently rotated inasmuch asthe wire to be treated must be insorted and removed through the slot 82in the gear. Therefore we have provided an automatic clutch, as bestshown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6. In these views it'will be seen that a flangedmember 85, is keyed to shaft 23 and rotates therewith. This member 85 isprovided with a plurality of recesses 86, as best shown in Fig. 7,adapted to receive a sliding spring-pressed bolt87, carried bysprocketwheel 31. This bolt has an angular depending portion 88, adaptedto be contacted by the wedge end 89 of a shaft 90. This shaft isnormally held in lowered position by means-of a coiled spring 91. The

shaft has pinned thereto stops 92, with which ayoke 93, formed at oneend of lever 94, pivoted at 95, cooperates. This lever has ananti-friction roll 96, at one end thereof, which roll cotiperates with acam 97, keyed to the time shaft 30. It will be seen that for eachrevolution of the time shaft the'clutch is engaged and disengaged. Thusfor a half revolution of the cam 97, the clutch is in engagement, thesprocket wheel 30 is rotated, imparting motion to the brush carryingmember 37. As the cam reaches the point shown in Fig. 4, the pin will bewithdrawn from the clutch member and the sprocket disengaged.

It will be understood that it is necessary,

both in the interest of economy of time and in order to assure theregistering of the slot 82 in the member 37 with the opening in the asing 83, that the parts be stopped instantly after disengagement with. theconstantly moving shaft. WVe have therefore providedbrake bands 98, 98,the former acting on a drum keyed to shaft- 34, and the latter acting ona drum formed as a part of the sprocket 31. These brake bands are bothcontrolled by a cam 99, secured to the shaft 80. This cam cooperateswith a suitable le ver 1.00, which is rocked to tighten the band 98. Alink 101, connects the lever 100 with a shaft 102, which shaftoperates'a lever 103, which tightens the brake band '98.

The mechanism for opening and closing the clamping jaws 38 to 41inclusive, is of well known constructiombeing best shown in Fig. 3. Acam 104, keyed to shaft 30, actuates a slide 105, connectedto toggles106. The advancing and retracting of the slide rocks the clamping lever38 about its pivot 10'? as a center. The clamp may be bodily adjusted bymeans of anadjush ing bolt 108. I

In the construction of Figs. 10 to 13 inelusive, we have shown amodified means for mechanically advancing the brushes mounted on thetoothed member. In these figures the parts, with the exception of therotatable member, remain the same as in the former description. However,the casing 109 for the toothed member is provided with a peripheralgroove 109 accommodating a ring 109*. This ring 109 is provided withsegmental recesses 1.10, adapted to accommodate segments 111, which arecut out at intervals from a ring 112, but are adapted to be movedradially in the ways 113 therein. This ring 112 is secured to the casing109., being held in place by bolts and clips 115. The toothed member 114is provided with radial slots 116, within which the brushes 117 aremounted, the brushes being normally springs 118. brushes are crs travel,when the part-114is in motion, around the inner surface of the ring 112.The segments 111 are advanced into the p0- sition shown in Fig. 10, byshifting the ring 109 with relation to the casing 10 This isaccomplished by a face cam 120, mounted On the outer ends of the carriedrollers 119, which roll l'Vhe11-tl1e ring isshifted the segmental p or ttions are forced inwardly thus advancing on the shaft 80, and actuatingthe connectcombination' of means for holding two ends mg rod 121,pivoted at 122 to the ring 109*.

of material to be joined, means for fusin he joined ends whereby a weldis forme the brushes into contact with the work. metal from the materialat the weld, sai d By examining the mechanism hereinberotatable meansacting While the material 15 fore describ'ed will apparent that as stillplastic, substantially as described.

the wire A to ba ked upon is entered with In a device of the classdescrlbed, the its ends in contact through the slot 82, the combinationof means for holding two ends clamping jaws 38 to 11 will descend and ofmaterial to be joined, means for fusin grasp the wire. 'Thereupon thecam 56 will the oined ends whereby a weld 1s forme act to compress thespring 47, tending to and means for removing the surplus metaladvancethe clamping jaws 40, 11, which adis resisted by the metal of the wire.However, simultaneously an electric current is passed through themachine, to the action of the ,cam which closes switch 61, thereupon thecontacting ends of rrom the material at the weld, said removing meansbeing movable about a fixed center, substantially as described.

at. In a device of the class described, the combination of means forclampin the material to be acted upon, means for using thecontactingends of the material and causin an intimate .nnion thereof, abrush mounted for rotation around said material as an axis, =wherebysurplus metal is wiped from the material while such metal is plastic,substantially as described.

5. In a device of the class described, the combination of means forclampin the material to be acted upon, means for using the ,contactingends of the material and causin he surplus metal is thereupon wiped fromthe exterior of the wire and as the cycle of operations 15 completed,the member 37 is stopped, the brushes are retracted, the an intimateunion thereof, and a series 0? clamps released and thewire removed frombrushes mounted for rotation around said the machine true to gage andproperly material as'an axis, whereby surplus metal welded. All theoperations just described is wiped from the material while suchmetalfollow each other with such rapidity that l is plastic, substantially asdescribed. the complete operation is performed in a In a device of theclass described, the few seconds. combination of a pair of clamps forholding It will be obvious from the description the ends of material tobe united,means for that theparts herein referred to as brushessimultaneously passing an electric current might be in the form ofmilling tools or' through said material and advancing one of might beconstructed of abrasive material said clamps whereby the metal is upseta and that the bur might be turned or ground rotatable membersurrounding said material off after formation. It is therefore to be ithe plane of the joined ends, means for understood that the word brushis used rotating said me her, and a tool carried by broadly in theclaims and covers any form j said rotatable member and adapted to reoftool adapted for-the purpose of wiping move the upset metal,substantially as de away, abrading. or turning off the excess scribed.metal at the time-of or immediately follow 7. In a device of the classdescribed, the ing thewelding operation. combination of a welding devicehaving two We are aware that the mechanism herein sets of clamping jaws,a rotatable member describe may be changed in many ways to mountedbetween: said sets of jaws, and apply it to other industries, we arealso rushes carried by said rotatable member,

aware that many of the elements herein described and shown may bechanged by their mechanical equivalents. lVe therefore do not wish to belimited to the exact structure v In a device of the class described, the

and described.

combination of a welding sets of clamping jaws, means for o crating saidjaws to clamp a wire there means for advancing one set or jaws andsimultaneously passing an electric current through said wire whereby thewire is fused at the contacting ends, a slotted, rotatable membermounted between the two sets of clam ing members, the axis of saidrotatable tier being coincident with said wire, brushes carried by saidrotatable member,

herein shown lVe claim: 1. In a. device of the classdescribed, thecombination of means for holding two ends of material to he joined,means for fusing the joined ends whereby a weld is formed, and rotatablemeans for removing the sur) plus metal from the material at the weld,wherebythe original contour of the material is unchanged, substantiallyas described.

In a device of theclass described. the

device having two,

and means for automatically advancing said brushes intoacontact with thewire during the rotation of saidzm'embe'r and-withdrawing the brushesout of contact with the wire when the rotation of said member-isstopped,substantially as. described. g

' 9. In a'machine ofthe-cl'as's described, the combination offaconstantly driven element and "an intermittently driven element, a

series, of timing devices driven by said constantly. -movin element, arotatable brushcarrying mein er actuated by said intermitf tently driven'element,.. a brushon said r07 ."tatable member, .saidl brush. beingadapted to contact, the surfaceof'm'aterial andremoveirregularitiestherefrom, and means for connecting and; disconnectingsaid con 'sta'ntl and intermittently -moving elements where y definitecycles. of operation are sured-,' substantial'ly as descrlbed. v

' il'0 In. amachineofthe class described, the

combination 'of a 'drive shaft, a countersh-aft,timing'devi escarried bysaid counter-- I "sha'ft,-two sets ofclam'ping jaws, means opa shaftadapted togcau'se theadvancin'g of one. ,of said sets of jaws, arotatable=member mountedbetween said sets of. jaws, means.

erable' by a timing device on "said counter.-

' for causing intermiiaem ot'atijon 'of" said rotatable member, and bruses carried by said rotatablemember, said brushes being adapt.

ed to contact material-held by said clamping jaws, substantially asdescribed, I

11. In a device of the class described, the

combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, timing'devi'ces on 'saiddriven shaft,. electric weldingclamps one set of which ismovabletransversely underthe action of a timing de-,

vice on said driven shaft, a rotatablemenaber mounted between said seatsof clamping jaws,- brushes carried by-said rotatable member and meansoperable from said drive shaft for rota'tingsaid rotat'able'member,substan-' tially as described.

12.111 a device offthe class described, the combination of a weldingdevicehavingtw'o sets of relatively movable clamping jaws, brushesadapted to be rotated about an axis coincident with the materialtobewelded,

and automatic means for bringing said brushes into contact with'fthe'work during as- I combination of a welding device having relativelymovable clamping jaws, a series of brushes mounted between said sets ofclamping jaws and adapted to be rotated about an. 7

axis coincident with-the-material to be weld. ed, and means operable byvcentrifugal force for bringing said brushes into contact with the workagainst an opposed force, which opposed force tends to remove thebrushes from contact/with the work when rotation hasceased,substantially as described. I v 15/ The method of preventing theformation of burs in welding, which consists in holding theends ofmaterial to be joined, then fusing said ends to form an intimate unionthereof, then wiping the surplus metal from the material at th'e'pointof weld while the metal is still plastic, substantially asdescribed. V,4

16. The method of preventing the formation of burs in welding, whichconsists in holding the ends of material to be joined,

then'fusing said ends to 'form an intimate union thereof, andsimultaneously wiping away any excess of metal, therebyretaining theoriginal contour of the materiah'substan tially as described.

' WILLIAM A. KILMER.

ALBERT T; WEAVER.

Witnesses vto signature of William Kilm'er: L. JENKINS,

, T .l H, Hones; .Witnesses' to signature of Weaver 7 J AMES E; State,

Albert QT.

QHARLns'H. SOHELTER.

copies of thin patent may be obtained for'fl've cenfs I addressing theCommissioner of Pltentp.

wumnmm-c."

